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PCR VS RAA
Release date:
2026-01-15
With the growing demand for precision medicine, nucleic acid detection technology continues to evolve. Based on technical principles and application scenarios, this article systematically analyzes the core differences between PCR and RAA, with a focus on the innovative value of RAA technology.
With the growing demand for precision medicine, nucleic acid detection technology continues to evolve. Based on technical principles and application scenarios, this article systematically analyzes the core differences between PCR and RAA, with a focus on the innovative value of RAA technology.
PCR Technology
Technical Principle: PCR (polymerase chain reaction) achieves exponential DNA amplification through temperature cycling (90–95°C denaturation → 55–60°C annealing → 70–75°C extension), relying on heat-resistant DNA polymerases (e.g., Taq polymerase) for in vitro amplification.
Current Application Status:
• Dominant Position: Accounts for over 80% of the molecular diagnostics market.
• Core Advantages: High sensitivity (10 copies), capable of multiplex target detection.
Technical Limitations:
• Device Dependency: Require precise temperature control systems (±0.5°C tolerance).
• Operational Barriers: Demand trained professionals.
• Time Constraints: Routine testing takes 2–4 hours.
• Contamination Risk: High temperatures may lead to aerosol contamination.
RAA Technology
Technical Breakthroughs:
• Technical Principle: Simulates the DNA replication process in vitro.
• Recombinase: Precisely locates targets and forms protein-nucleic acid complexes.
• Single-Strand Binding Protein: Prevents reannealing of denatured double-stranded structures.
• DNA Polymerase: Rapidly synthesizes new strands along templates (5–20 minutes for 10⁹-fold amplification).
Differentiated Advantages of RAA
1. Enhanced Scenario Adaptability
• Primary Healthcare: Eliminates reliance on precision equipment.
• On-Site Testing: Portable constant-temperature devices support field operations.
• Rapid Response: Applied in infectious disease rapid testing, community screening, and customs quarantine.
2. Breakthrough in Technological Autonomy
• Patent Ownership: QT BIO holds full independent intellectual property rights.
• Supply Chain Security: 100% domestic sourcing rate for core enzyme materials.
3. Process Reliability
• Automated Result Interpretation: Supports fluorescence, colloidal gold, and electrophoresis modes.
The development of RAA demonstrates the value of localized innovation pathways:
• Demand-Oriented: Targeted breakthroughs to address PCR’s limitations in primary healthcare applications.
•Industry-Academia Collaboration: Achieved through innovative research papers, patents, awards, and commercialized products.
• Iterative Mechanism: Continuous optimization of primer design based on clinical feedback.
The core of technology selection lies in scenario alignment
When detection timeliness, operational costs, and site conditions are primary constraints, RAA demonstrates significant comparative advantages. Meanwhile, PCR remains irreplaceable in scenarios requiring ultra-high sensitivity. Such technological stratification will collectively drive molecular diagnostics toward greater precision and accessibility.
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